FDA首次批准磁共振引导聚焦超声器械
来源:CMDRA
2016年7月11日,美国FDA宣布批准首个用于治疗原发性颤抖症的磁共振引导聚焦超声器械上市。该产品对药物治疗没有显著效果的原发性颤抖症患者来说是一个福音,它无需外科微创手术即可作用于引发震颤的脑组织。以下是更多详细信息,供大家参考(点击屏幕左下方阅读原文,可跳转至FDA官方网站浏览相关信息):
产品名称:ExAblate Neuro
生产企业:InSightec in Dallas, Texas.
产品用途:To treat essential tremor治疗原发性颤抖症。
工作原理:
ExAblate Neuro uses magnetic resonance (MR) images taken during the procedure to deliver focused ultrasound to destroy brain tissue in a tiny area thought to be responsible for causing tremors.
ExAblate Neuro利用核磁共振过程获取的图像来引导聚焦超声波的发送,达到破坏脑部某狭小区域内引起震颤的脑组织的目的。
To determine if the ExAblate Neuro treatment is appropriate, patients should first have MR and computerized tomography (CT) scans. Those undergoing treatment with the MRI-guided device lie in an MRI scanner that takes images to help a doctor identify the targeted area in the brain’s thalamus for treatment. Treatment with transcranial focused ultrasound energy is administered with incremental increases in energy until patients achieve a reduction of tremor. Patients are awake and responsive during the entire treatment.
要确定ExAblate Neuro是否适用,患者首先需要做核磁共振(MR)和计算机断层扫描(CT)。因为接下来的治疗是通过位于核磁共振扫描仪上的磁共振成像引导装置完成的。医生需要根据磁共振图像来确认用于治疗大脑丘脑的靶区域。治疗过程中,经颅聚焦超声能量由能量控制,随着增量增加而增加,直到患者的颤抖症状减轻为止。整个治疗过程中,患者都是清醒且反应敏捷的。
产品优势:
Patients with essential tremor who have not seen improvement with medication now have a new treatment option that could help them to avoid more invasive surgical treatments. As with other treatments for essential tremor, this new device is not a cure but could help patients enjoy a better quality of life.
对药物治疗没有显著效果的原发性颤抖症患者来说,ExAblate Neuro是一种新的治疗选择,这一选择可使他们免于更多微创手术疗法。和其他的治疗方式一样,这个设备无法治愈颤抖症,但是能够提高患者的生活质量。
临床试验:
Data supporting the safety and effectiveness of the device system included a double-blind control trial involving 76 patients with essential tremor who had not responded to medication therapy. Fifty-six of the patients were randomly selected to receive the ExAblate Neuro treatment and 20 received a fake treatment. Patients in the control group were able to cross over into the treatment group three months later.
该产品的安全性和有效性支持数据中包括一项双盲对照试验,样本包含76位对药物治疗没有反应的原发性颤抖症患者。从中随机选择了56位患者接受ExAblate Neuro的治疗,其余20位接受安慰治疗。3个月后,对照组的患者将进入治疗组。
Patients treated with the ExAblate Neuro showed nearly a 50 percent improvement in their tremors and motor function (composite tremor/motor function score) three months after treatment compared to their baseline score. Patients in the control group had no improvement, and some experienced a slight worsening after the sham procedure before they crossed over into the treatment group. At 12 months post-procedure, the treatment group retained a 40 percent improvement in these scores compared to baseline.
3个月后,接受ExAblate Neuro治疗的患者的颤抖和运动功能评分,相较于他们最初的指标评分均提高了近50%。而对照组的患者评分没有提高,有的甚至在接受安慰治疗后转入实验组前症状略有加重。经过后续12个月的治疗,试验组所有患者的各项指标评分比最初提高了40%。
不良事件:
Adverse events for the ExAblate Neuro are consistent with those reported for thalamotomy surgery, including numbness/tingling of the fingers, headache, imbalance/unsteadiness, loss of control of body movements (ataxia) or gait disturbance. Other side effects identified as possibly related to treatment with MR-guided focused ultrasound treatments include tissue damage in an area other than the treatment area, hemorrhage in the treated area requiring emergency treatment, skin burns with ulceration of the skin, skin retraction and scar formation and blood clots.
ExAblate Neuro引发的不良事件与丘脑切开术所导致的不良事件一致,包括手指麻木或刺痛,头疼,不平衡或不稳定,丧失身体运动控制(共济失调)或者步态障碍。其他副作用可能与聚焦超声治疗相关,包括:损伤了治疗区域以外的组织,需要急诊处理的治疗区出血,皮肤烧伤伴随皮肤溃烂, 皮肤回缩、形成疤痕及血块。
不适用人群:
The ExAblate Neuro treatment is contraindicated for patients who cannot have MR imaging, including those who have a non-MRI compatible implanted metallic device, such as a cardiac pacemaker, those with allergies to MR contrast agents or those with body size limitations for MR.
ExAblate Neuro不适用于不能做核磁共振的患者,包括身体植入了不能进行核磁共振的金属器械的患者,比如心脏起搏器;还有那些对造影剂过敏的患者以及身体尺寸不适合做核磁共振的患者。
The treatment should also not be used in women who are pregnant, patients with advanced kidney disease or on dialysis, those with unstable heart conditions or severe hypertension, patients exhibiting any behavior consistent with ethanol or substance abuse or patients with a history of abnormal bleeding, hemorrhage and/or blood clotting disorders (coagulopathy). Patients currently taking anticoagulant drugs or drugs known to increase the risk of hemorrhage, patients with a history of cerebrovascular disease (strokes) or brain tumors and patients who are not able to tolerate the prolonged stationary position during treatment also should not have the procedure.
这项治疗也不适用于怀孕的女性,患有晚期肾脏疾病或者在做透析的患者,患有心脏疾病或严重高血压的患者,酗酒或药物滥用的患者,有异常出血,出血和/或凝血障碍病史的人,最近在服用抗凝剂或已知能增加出血风险的药物的患者,曾患脑血管疾病或肿瘤或者不能在治疗过程中长时间保持不动的患者。